Endoscopy
What is a Endoscopy ?
An endoscopy is a diagnostic procedure used to closely examine internal structures of the body. A healthcare provider inserts a long, slender tube called an endoscope into the body until it reaches the specific organ or area requiring examination. Typically equipped with a light source and camera at its tip, the endoscope captures images or videos of organs or body parts, which are then displayed on a screen for the provider’s evaluation.
What are the types of Endoscopy?
- Anoscopy: A scope is inserted through the anus to examine the anus and rectum.
- Arthroscopy: A scope is inserted through a small incision above a joint to inspect for damage or conditions like arthritis.
- Bronchoscopy: A scope is inserted through the mouth or nostril to examine the trachea (windpipe) and lungs.
- Colonoscopy: A scope is inserted through the anus to examine the entire large intestine (colon).
- Cystoscopy: A scope is inserted through the urethra to examine it and the bladder.
- Enteroscopy: For upper enteroscopy, a scope is inserted through the mouth; for lower enteroscopy, through the anus to examine the small intestine.
- Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) or upper endoscopy: A scope is inserted through the mouth to examine the esophagus, stomach, and upper part of the small intestine.
- Hysteroscopy: A scope is inserted through the vagina to examine the uterus.
- Laparoscopy: A scope is inserted through a small incision in the abdomen to examine abdominal and reproductive organs.
Endoscopy treatments
Certain endoscopes can be paired with instruments that enable healthcare providers to:
- Seal wounds.
- Administer medications via injection.
- Drain fluids.
- Control internal bleeding.
- Excise damaged tissue or tumors.
- Address blockages or dilate narrowed organs.
- Insert stents (small tubes to open obstructed or damaged organs).
- Conduct surgical procedures.
In laparoscopy, also known as keyhole surgery, providers perform organ surgeries through small incisions rather than a large opening. This minimally invasive approach is preferred for numerous medical conditions due to its reduced invasiveness compared to traditional surgery.